Pair · Q2 2026 · Aug 2025–Jul 2026
Italy · Spain ITA ESP
Reverse the pairGoods, bank claims, portfolio holdings and direct investment between Italy and Spain, each channel at its own period. Left, Italy to Spain; right, Spain to Italy.
Swap the first
Finance to trade
positions ÷ goods, both directionsBank, portfolio and direct-investment positions in both directions over goods trade in both directions; financial centres show very high ratios because they hold securities for others.
Positions at the periods above, goods in the 12-month window. Calculations: datasteg.
The pair through time
2006–Jul 2026Each channel at its own period on one time axis: goods every month (12-month windows), bank claims every quarter, portfolio holdings every half year, direct investment every year, and below them the finance-to-trade ratio by quarter. Solid lines are reported flows, dashed stretches estimated; the band between a goods line and its other report is the mirror gap where both reports exist. A month with no goods line is one where the pair fell below trade-flow’s 1,500 largest flows.
- UN Comtrade, goods trade by reporter and partner · UN Statistics Division, derived records only (shares × world total) · 12-month windows, Feb 2006 to Jul 2026, monthly · read 2 Nov 2026 · via trade-flow method
- Locational banking statistics (LBS) · BIS, open, with attribution · Q4 2005 to Q2 2026, quarterly · read 30 Oct 2026 · via money-flow method
- Portfolio Investment Positions by Counterpart Economy (PIP, formerly CPIS) · IMF, open, with attribution · Q4 2005 to Q4 2025, half-yearly · read 27 Oct 2026 · via money-flow method
- Direct Investment Positions by Counterpart Economy (DIP, formerly CDIS) · IMF, open, with attribution · 2009–2024, annual · read 27 Oct 2026 · via money-flow method
The ratio starts in 2009, when the direct-investment survey begins: bank claims at the quarter, portfolio and direct investment at their latest period at or before it, goods in the 12 months to the quarter end. Calculations: datasteg global-network.
Goods Italy → Spain
Aug 2025–Jul 2026exports of Italy to Spain, 12 months
- UN Comtrade, goods trade by reporter and partner · UN Statistics Division, derived records only (shares × world total) · 12-month window, Aug 2025–Jul 2026 · read 2 Nov 2026 · via trade-flow method
Window Aug 2025–Jul 2026. Importer-reported where filed, partner-reported or estimated otherwise (tagged). Mirror ratio: the importer’s report over the exporter’s.
Goods Spain → Italy
Aug 2025–Jul 2026exports of Spain to Italy, 12 months
- UN Comtrade, goods trade by reporter and partner · UN Statistics Division, derived records only (shares × world total) · 12-month window, Aug 2025–Jul 2026 · read 2 Nov 2026 · via trade-flow method
Window Aug 2025–Jul 2026. Importer-reported where filed, partner-reported or estimated otherwise (tagged). Mirror ratio: the importer’s report over the exporter’s.
Bank claims Italy → Spain
Q2 2026loans and deposits of banks in Italy on residents of Spain
- Locational banking statistics (LBS) · BIS, open, with attribution · Q2 2026, quarterly · read 30 Oct 2026 · via money-flow method
Loans and deposits, all sectors and currencies, residence basis, Q2 2026. Flow as published by the BIS.
Bank claims Spain → Italy
Q2 2026loans and deposits of banks in Spain on residents of Italy
- Locational banking statistics (LBS) · BIS, open, with attribution · Q2 2026, quarterly · read 30 Oct 2026 · via money-flow method
Loans and deposits, all sectors and currencies, residence basis, Q2 2026. Flow as published by the BIS.
Portfolio holdings Italy → Spain
Q4 2025securities issued in Spain held by investors in Italy
- Portfolio Investment Positions by Counterpart Economy (PIP, formerly CPIS) · IMF, open, with attribution · Q4 2025, half-yearly · read 27 Oct 2026 · via money-flow method
Holder to issuer, Q4 2025.
Portfolio holdings Spain → Italy
Q4 2025securities issued in Italy held by investors in Spain
- Portfolio Investment Positions by Counterpart Economy (PIP, formerly CPIS) · IMF, open, with attribution · Q4 2025, half-yearly · read 27 Oct 2026 · via money-flow method
Holder to issuer, Q4 2025.
Direct investment Italy → Spain
2024position of investors in Italy in Spain
- Direct Investment Positions by Counterpart Economy (DIP, formerly CDIS) · IMF, open, with attribution · 2024, annual · read 27 Oct 2026 · via money-flow method
Investor to host, 2024; one report per pair, the host’s first.
Direct investment Spain → Italy
2024position of investors in Spain in Italy
- Direct Investment Positions by Counterpart Economy (DIP, formerly CDIS) · IMF, open, with attribution · 2024, annual · read 27 Oct 2026 · via money-flow method
Investor to host, 2024; one report per pair, the host’s first.